| Here's a nice big fame explanation for you. As far as I can tell, this is more or less how it works.
Doing quests in Selbina means you're really raising Bastok and San d'Oria fame slightly each. However, even 8 stacks of cabbages won't give you that much fame, for the following three reasons:
1. Fame is divided between Bastok and San d'Oria. So already you get half the fame for the completion for each country, rather than full fame for completion.
2. It's a repeatable. Fame from a single completion of a repeatable is very much lower than fame from a completion of a unique to begin with.
3. 8 stacks = 96 items. That means 8 stacks of La Theine Cabbage (5 items per quest completion) is 19 completions with one leftover cabbage. 8 stacks of Millioncorn (3 items per) is 32 completions. 8 stacks of Boyahda Moss (1 item per) is 96 completions.
(However you lose tons of money on Boyahda Moss (unlike the other two, it's not available for near-break-even from NPCs, so you suffer the usual AH ripoff), and the minimal gil losses are what make this quest so appealing in the first place.)
So basically you're getting the effect of 9.5 repeatables in Bastok and 9.5 repeatables in San d'Oria, and it's not at all surprising that won't bump you up a fame level. If you want lots of fame, use Millioncorn, and take way more than 8 stacks. Dump your inventory in your mog safe and go with 25+ stacks of Millioncorn, and do it more than once, and you should see more impressive results. (25 stacks of Millioncorn is 100 quest completions, and is thus equivalent to 50 repeatables in each city, which is - I think - more than one fame level.)
And yes, since this raises Bastok and San d'Oria fame, it raises Jeuno fame too. That increase in Jeuno fame does not then transfer to an increase in Windurst fame, though. Reason is, as far as I can tell, that there are four *actual* fame locations:
Bastok
San d'Oria
Windurst
Tenshodo
Mhaura and Kazham are based on Windurst. Selbina and Rabao are based on Bastok and San d'Oria. Jeuno is based on Bastok, San d'Oria, and Windurst. And Tenshodo fame is basically self-centered and only affects, and is affected by, Tenshodo places.
So doing Selbina quests raises the Bastok and San d'Oria base fame, and thus indirectly raises your Selbina fame (which means, you're indirectly, rather than directly, raising the fame in Selbina, despite that the quest is itself in Selbina - it's odd, I know). As such, the increase in Bastok and San d'Oria fame also increases Jeuno fame.
However, Windurst fame is unrelated. Doing *Jeuno* quests would increase Windurst, Bastok, and San d'Oria fame, but increasing Jeuno fame through quests elsewhere, will not affect Windurst fame.
(Aside: I heard a rumor - on GameFAQs, not the most reliable of FFXI sources - that this here Selbina quest actually lowers Tenshodo fame. As I didn't start on Tenshodo fame until after getting level 9 fame everywhere else, I don't have any proof one way or the other. I had zero Tenshodo fame when I started, zero Tenshodo fame when I finished. Could either have been because it was unaffected, or because it was being decreased down to zero, notwithstanding that it was zero to begin with. I thought I'd mention that, though. Some interested person with time and gil to spare, may want to test the validity of that rumor.) | 
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